Bénard-Marangoni convection instability occurs as horizontal layer of silicone oil with aluminum flakes is heated from the bottom with a free surface on top. Variations in temperature cause surface tension gradients that drive the flow.

Bénard-Marangoni convection instability occurs as horizontal layer of silicone oil with aluminum flakes is heated from the bottom with a free surface on top. Variations in temperature cause surface tension gradients that drive the flow.

By Vigneshwaran Selvaraju, Amanda Kennedy, Athena Ross, Melissa Blackstun for Spring 2014 Team First.
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